Cooking Up History

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Let’s Serve Fish for the Weight Watcher is a fascinating piece of history because it offers some interesting reflections of Canadian society in the later 1960s. It demonstrates how women were still being urged to take on the role of housewife, that Canadians' interest in health and dieting was increasing at the time, and that Canada was becoming a more multicultural society. 

Canadian women in the later 1960s were still widely expected to support their families by fulfilling the role of wife, mother, and homemaker. Women had significant pressure placed on them to manage all household matters, which is clearly represented in this cookbook. The book’s cover, for example, depicts an illustration of a woman serving fish to a man. Quotes like “a thoughtful hostess will provide for her weight watching guests” also reinforced women’s position in society at the time. The cookbook also reflects women’s limited freedoms outside the home in 1967. Though the Second Wave feminist movement was emerging across North America, there were still many formal and informal limits that women faced in terms of their public and private lives. Contraception was not legalized in Canada until 1969, meaning women had limited control over their bodies and family planning. Though, by the 1960s, more women were in the paid workforce than ever before, it was still considered atypical for a woman to not choose the vocation of housewife.

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As is evident from its title, Let’s Serve Fish for the Weight Watcher places a great deal of importance on physical appearance. The book’s introduction discusses the ideal of a trim figure, and suggests limiting calories and portion sizes in order to achieve this particular body shape. The recipes provided include calorie counts to help the reader monitor their caloric intake. This suggests that achieving the ideal body type was important at the time, and that thinness was associated with overall health and wellness. As part of the broader counterculture movement that occurred in the 1960s, Canadians also became fixated on health foods. Women in particular were drawn to the popularity of health foods as they wanted to help their families, but also felt pressured to look a certain way according to the era's gender norms and ideals. The health food movement also presented an opportunity for women to learn about nutritional science. The health food movement allowed followers to feel that they had more control over their bodies and lives, which appealed to those who had lost trust in other authorities in the subject matter. Though the health food movement drew an array of supporters, cookbooks like Let's Serve Fish for the Weight Watcher still targeted women since they were still expected to be the primary cooks in their homes and may benefit the most from the advice provided. 

This cookbook also reflects a period when cooks in Canada were beginning to experiment with new and exotic recipes and ingredients. Recipes in the book like “Cantonese Shrimp and Beans,” "Italian Fish Soup," and “French Style Dressing” show a greater interest in foreign countries and the growth of multiculturalism within Canada. After the Second World War, immigration patterns shifted and the majority of the immigrants arriving in Canada were no longer from the United Kingdom. In the postwar period, immigration came to be defined by greater ethnocultural diversity. Additionally, innovations in world travel and tourism helped to expose Canadians to other cultures. This resulted in more experimentation with new cuisines and more diverse restaurants. Four years after Let's Serve Fish for the Weight Watcher was published, in October 1971, Prime Minister Pierre Elliot Trudeau declared multiculturalism an official government policy in Canada. This decision was divisive at the time, but it better represented the racial, ethnic, religious, and cultural make-up of Canada’s population. 

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